May 21.

142. Talking and eloquence are not the same: to speak and to speak well are two things. A fool may talk, but a wise man speaks. (Ben Jonson, 1600).

Understand the qualities (of your hearers) and (then make) your speech; for superior to it, there is neither virtue nor wealth. (Thirukkurahl - 644).

திறனறிந்து சொல்லுக சொல்லை அறனும் 

பொருளும் அதனினூங்கு இல். (குறள் - 644).

Thiran-arindhu sollugha sollai; aranum

Poruhlum adhanin-oonghu yil. (Thirukkurahl - 644).

We all would wish to lead honorable life. We should try to build that honor. First, we should think about the action which will be good, and then know the methodology also. We have to tell others what we have done. By this way, our good thoughts and efforts will become useful to others. In future, such efforts might get further developed. If it is not told to others, such good thoughts, incidences, and efforts will vanish in due course. Due to the absence of proper communication, our age-old scientific advancements and knowledge have vanished. Therefore, we should tell our good opinions for others, in an understandable manner. 

Knowledge-filled speech is always good. Nobody will consider a fun-filled chat as speech. It can be called as blabbing. The words of wise persons stay a long time as proverbs, good poems and essays, and literatures, and are useful to people to bring happiness. The records on science, math, technology and likewise subjects help in the development of the society. 

Therefore, we should talk only good things. When we say improper words, the meaning may change; due to that, there may arise some misunderstanding too. Due to the use of improper words, our dignity will go down, and our poor knowledge will be exposed. Hence, we should always talk sensibly.       

May 22.

143. Most people judge men only by their success or their good fortune. (La Rochefoucauld).

A man’s deeds are touch-stone of his greatness and littleness. (Thirukkurahl - 505).

பெருமைக்கும் ஏனைச் சிறுமைக்கும் தத்தம் 

கருமமே கட்டளைக் கல். (குறள் - 505).

Perumaikkum yaenai(ch) sirumaikkum thath-tham

Karumamae Kattahlaik kal. (Thirukkurahl - 505).

We all wish for a pleasant life whether we are in the youth, adult or old age. In the infant stage, we do things without our full understanding, to be happy. For such actions, our mind provides the intuition. At school age, we get the required things by telling our parents and others. In the adult age, we do what we want and get the pleasure. At old age, we wish to get the happiness by recollecting what we did earlier. Hence, what we do at the adult stage should be able to provide happiness to us at the adult and old age.

The foundation for our adult stage actions should be acquired at the school level. As far as possible, we should obtain our good education and experience to a high level. By this education, we should work in a dignified manner and accomplish great things. Through this accomplishment, we can get happiness. Great people will appreciate our work. Such appreciation will make us feel further pleased.

The nature of plants and trees never changes. Some plants give beautiful flowers. Some trees provide good fruits. Such type of plants and trees will provide flowers and fruits of the same nature, even after several years. Similarly, getting such a prolonged appreciation will be possible for some persons due to luck or by lineage. But, the nature of mankind cannot be compared with the nature of trees and plants. Due to the sixth sense, the mankind can raise their strength to greater heights. 

Therefore, one should acquire good education and experience at the young age so as to receive acclaim at all times.  

May 23.

144. A learned fool is more foolish than an ignorant one. (Moliere).

If the good speak vain words, their eminence and excellence will leave them. (Thirukkurahl - 195).

சீர்மை சிறப்பொடு நீங்கும் பயனில

நீர்மை உடையார் சொலின். (குறள் - 195).

Seermai sirappodu neenghum payanila

Neermai vudaiyaar solin. (Thirukkurahl - 195).

There are various kinds of people in the world. Some people would not be considered at all, even if they are present. The reason is that there is no benefit to anyone by them. It implies that each person’s life should be good and beneficial to others. One should not be selfish in thoughts and actions. It is worse if we expect others to meet our needs.

Therefore, we should lead a suitable life which will meet not only our requirements, but also capable of helping others. For that, one should study well and get proper practical experience. Some people will be satisfied with the help that they can render to others. Some people will advice others to enhance their motivation. Such advisors should be well educated persons. They should be scholars. They should be able to understand poor people, and their requirements. However, some educated persons, who do not use their knowledge for good purposes, may help the public to go on dangerous paths. Such educated persons are not wise persons. They would have, sometimes, experienced bitterness in their life. Due to that, they would allow the bitterness to multiply further, and involve in hurting others. If they forget their misfortune and think that at least others should be happy, they become wise persons. 

Therefore, there should be steadiness and perfection in the speech and action of wise persons. Most of the people would not listen to common public. Since many people listen to scholars, they will be affected by the latter. Hence, educated persons must be also good persons, who are called wise persons.         

  

May 24.

145. The wisest man is he who does not fancy that he is so at all. (Nicolas Boileau).

Freedom from conceit is (the nature of true) greatness, (while) obstinacy therein is (that of) meanness. (Thirukkurahl - 979).

பெருமை பெருமிதம் இன்மை சிறுமை

பெருமிதம் ஊர்ந்து விடல். (குறள் - 979). 

Perumai perumidham yinmai; sirumai

Perumidham oorndhu vidal. (Thirukkurahl - 979).

There are different types of people. We can recognize the names of the persons who have accomplished great things. We also notice those whose accomplishments are greater than those of earlier years. Therefore, based on the various advancements, the accomplishments of people also increase. 

A great person’s character is imbedded in his gentleness. The green leaves of a tree do not make any noise. However, when the leaves lose the strength and dry up, they fall down and make noise while moving. If a vessel is filled with water, it will not make any sound on tapping. The sound increases as the water level decreases; there will be greater sound, if there is no water in the vessel. In our young years, we read aloud. But, when we grow up, we read in a silent manner. Therefore, when a person’s good character, education, knowledge, wealth, position, power and other things increase, his docile nature increases. No one should assert that he is great. Others should honor him. When a paddy crop strengthens, it appears bent; when it is tender and green, it will remain straight in a vertical position. We can see during public meetings that the volunteers make noise, while the leaders speak gently and steadily. If the density of materials like iron is more, it sinks in water. However,, since the density of paper, leaf and other materials is less, they float over water and drift around.

Therefore, wise persons will always remain steady and avoid boasting. If self assertion exists, they will like pamperers and dislike the criticizers, to deviate from the neutral position of the wise. Hence, politeness yields greatness.              

May 25.

146. A man should always consider how much he has more than he wants, and how much more unhappy he might be than he really is. (Joseph Addison).

Purity of mind consists in freedom from desire; and that (freedom from desire) is the fruit of the love of truth. (Thirukkurahl - 364).

தூஉய்மை என்பது அவாஇன்மை மற்றுஅது

வா அய்மை வேண்ட வரும். (குறள் - 364).  

Thoo-vuimai yenbadhu avaa-yinmai; martradhu

Vaa-aymai vaenda varum. (Thirukkurahl - 364).

Everyone in the world will have an aim. There may be some who live without any aim. To accomplish the aim, one has to work well. The work will be of different nature. But, it has to be in good path, instead of a bad one. We have to work according to our capability, and adjust our living conditions which suit to our earnings. An ordinary employee should not think of a living condition with all the facilities, which a senior officer may have. The facilities will give happiness according to one’s mentality. It is difficult to satisfy all our desires. If we adhere to the facilities as per our knowledge, discarding the desire, we can live happily without any misery. We have to look at those who live with less comfort than us, and live with satisfaction. 

If one thinks of leading a more comfortable life, he should improve his capabilities. We have to study more and acquire additional training to improve our capability. Those who cannot do like this, must work for longer hours or work elsewhere during leisure times, to increase their earnings, and then think of a more comfortable life. To look at what others have is not a good culture. The one who sees what others have done to lead a good life is wise. That pathway should be a good one. One should not think of improving the life style by stealing, cheating, or illicit business or profession. Such activities will pull us down within a short time; it will demean us. Therefore, we have to lead the life happily, according to our knowledge.     

May 26.

147. Books are the legacies that a great genius leaves to mankind, which are delivered to down from generation to generation, as presents to the posterity of those who are yet unborn. (Joseph Addison).

The learned will long (for more learning), when they see that while it gives pleasure to themselves, the world also derives pleasure from it. (Thirukkurahl - 399).

தான்இன் புறுவது உலகுஇன் புறக்கண்டு

காமுறுவர் கற்றறிந் தார். (குறள் - 399). 

Thaam-yin puruvathu vulag(u)-in purak-kahndu

Kaamuruvar kartr(u)-arin dhaar. (Thirukkurahl - 399).

 The people all over the world adhere to certain practices. Such habits continue to exist for thousands of years, by listening to others and by seeing others. This practice still continues among the uneducated people. Due to the expansion of educational facilities, we can now know many things through books, television and newspapers. There are differences between seeing things through prints (words) and pictures (vision). Both methods are good in their own angles. If one hears about an object, he can understand it only to some extent. If the same is read through books or newspapers, the understanding will be better. If one sees through pictures, it will be understood further. 

We can read a printed version at any time and at all places. Our thoughts and time will enable us to read like that. Hence, books help us to improve our knowledge as well as that of others in a simple way. One cannot buy all the books that are needed. Based on that, several libraries have been established. Students and others must go to the libraries, and read to get the benefits from the good books. In schools and colleges, the students must be given opportunities to go to the library and read there. It is said that if one doesn’t see the land, the crop’s yield will decrease. Let us not discuss the reason here. The affection between mother and child will decline, if they don’t see one another. If the affection increases, the bondage will improve. If that human bondage increases, the nation will prosper, and the bad things will decrease. In the same way, by reading good books, good character and scientific growth will occur. Therefore, we have to always read good books, and at all ages.       

May 27.

148. Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. (Sir Richard Steele).

Water will flow from a well in the sand in proportion to the depth to which it is dug, and knowledge will flow from a man in proportion to his learning. (Thirukkurahl - 396).

தொட்டனைத்து ஊறும் மணற்கேணி மாந்தர்க்குக் 

கற்றனைத்து ஊறும் அறிவு. (குறள் - 396).

Thottanaiththu voorum mahnarkaehni; maandharkku

Kartranaiththu voorum arivu. (Thirukkurahl - 396).

All of us daily notice the changes in living matter and the unchanging nature in non-living matters. But, many of us do not understand the imbedded meaning in that. Water, soil, sun light, and fertilizer are all needed for a plant to be alive. If there is no water, many plants dry up in a short time. Since the roots of the trees go deep in the earth, they take the subsoil water to keep the tree fresh. Thus, small plants need to be watered daily. Big trees take the necessary water, without our involvement and awareness. In the same way, we have to give food to young children at proper times without fail. If we deviate, the children’s health will become weak. In the same way, education is very important for the growth of our knowledge, and to maintain our knowledge. 

Nobody will think that his children can remain at the same level without any growth. Similarly, good parents will not want their children to remain without proper knowledge. Whatever amount of food may be present in front of a person, it is of no use to him if he does not eat it. In the same way, knowledge will not improve if the books are kept by our side; only if it is read, understood and followed, one will become wise. Only if we do proper exercise, the intake of food will give strength to our body. Only if a thread is spun well, it will become strong and be useful to make cloth. Likewise, only if we read books and understand it, we can strengthen our knowledge. Even after reaching a level, one should keep on reading more books of higher level to reach further heights in life. 

Hence, we have to think what we should do. As we never stop eating food on any day, we should never stop reading books. We stitch cloths or buy them according to our size for wearing. Books are available for all levels in all subjects. Let us reduce the time which we spend on leisure activities, read good books to enhance our knowledge and live as wise persons.                         

May 28.

149. Among all the diseases of the mind there is not one, more epidermal or more pernicious than the love of flattery. (Sir Richard Steele).          

The great will always humble himself; but the mean will exalt himself in self-admiration. (Thirukkurahl - 978). 

பணியுமாம் என்றும் பெருமை சிறுமை 

அணியுமாம் தன்னை வியந்து. (குறள் - 978). 

Pahniyumaam yendrum perumai; sirumai

Ahniyumaam thannai viyandhu. (Thirukkurahl - 978).

Whatever work we have to do in this world, it should be done properly. Sometimes, people are appreciated for their work and honored. However, all the people cannot receive such honor. In each discipline, some people are honored based on their quantum of work, and its importance to the world. In sports, the persons who play well and make all others happy with their performance are honored. Many achievements are taking place in science, medicine and other areas. 

In general, no one works for the sake of getting appreciation. Those who expect such honor for their work will feel aversion if they don’t get it. That aversion will create anger to the extent of self-destruction. The anger will undermine the good character of kindness. Anger and aversion cause many damages to the health. Therefore, appreciation is like food. If we take food, it will give strength. If the food comes out from the stomach through mouth, it indicates disease in our body. Hence, everything must take place in a natural way. 

The great accomplished scientists, doctors, industrialists, and others do not boast about their contributions to the society. There is much praise for the activities which give happiness to people. We have to appreciate the persons who do things which are useful to people. Persons like scientists, doctors, teachers, and social service personnel are to be honored. Like those who make big turn-over in business, the persons who make those materials are also to be honored. Only then our country can develop well. Honor should come spontaneously. Flattery is not an honor. Hence, let us work without the expectation of any reward.     

May 29.

150. But where is the man who counsel can bestow, still pleased to teach, and yet not proud to know. (Alexander Pope).

(Though reduced) the great will be able to perform, in the proper way, deeds difficult (for others to do). (Thirukkurahl - 975).

பெருமை உடையவர் ஆற்றுவார் ஆற்றின் 

அருமை உடைய செயல். (குறள் - 975).

Perumai vudaiyavar aartruvaar aartrin

Arumai vudaiya seyal. (Thirukkurahl - 975).

If one wants to improve his knowledge, he should grasp the valuable good points from what is heard, seen and read by him. Only some people follow these three things. Those who do that are considered scholars and wise persons. There will be valuable points in their speech. 

The big mistake which we do is to cultivate the thought of aversion to listening to others, and the belief that we know everything. During school education, we learn the required things from suitable books and listening to the teachers. But, we cannot do like that for our life. In school, there is a level for each subject for each class or grade. We cannot excel in education by reading a dictionary. We have to use the dictionary only to know the meaning of some words. Likewise, we have to read some life related books to understand certain things. It is better to see and hear about others’ life to understand well. If we see dangerous scenes, we have to think about protecting us from such effects. It is wrong to get involved in doing such dangerous activities. We have to see good things and follow them in accordance. We should not just enjoy it and forget immediately. Most of us do this mistake. We see clean places and shops in pictures of foreign countries. After seeing, we forget it as soon as we come out. Everyone should think about it. In our surroundings, we see people using bad words whether it is for fun or seriously; we also see the troubles arising out of it. But, most of us always scorn at others. We see the good characters of great persons. But, we never think of following them. We have to realize this.

Though the great persons who are leaders understand others, listen to others’ words and follow good pathway, they never boast themselves. Let us also do like that.   

                     

May 11.

132. Iron rusts from disuse; stagnant water loses its purity, and in cold weather becomes frozen; even so does inaction sap the vigor of the mind. (Leonardo da Vinci).

Procrastination, forgetfulness, idleness and sleep, these four things, are the ornaments desired by those whose nature leads them to destruction. (Thirukkurahl – 605).

நெடுநீர் மறவி மடிதுயில் நான்கும் 

கெடுநீரார் காமக் கலன். (குறள் - 605).

Nedu-neer maravi madi-thuyil naanghum

Kedu-neeraar kaama(k) kalan. (Thirukkurahl – 605).

We should always be doing some work or other. That work has to be good. We must first understand which work is good and which one is bad. Most people think that the work which yields more money in a short time is good. Our thought should not be like that. A good work is the one which does not cause any bad effect on anyone at any time. It is a wrong action to beat others and murder someone for receiving money. It is also wrong in indulging in the distribution of health-spoiling dangerous materials, for the sake of earning money.

Everyone must be continuously doing some good work. If there is no work, sluggishness in the body and mind will set in. If the vehicles like bicycle and car are kept unused, their parts will get damaged. The materials made of iron will get rusted and lose their strength. Wood materials will crumble if stored for a long time. If the books are not opened and read, insects will damage them. If we sit quietly without any movement, we may not be able to walk later. The rain water in a tank, being stagnant, will get fungus. If the same rain water flows through a river, it remains pure. The water does not become bad by itself, unless people dump harmful materials into the river. Our life is sustained by continuous breathing and flow of blood. If we stop pedaling, we will fall from a bicycle. If we stop taking good food, we will be affected by disease. Only if we keep on reading good things, we can always remain as wise persons. 

Therefore, we should always think good and do good deeds.         

May 12.

133. Whoever in discussion adduces authority uses not intellect but memory. (Leonardo da Vinci).

Truly great is the excellence of those (kings) who are free from pride, anger, and lust. (Thirukkurahl – 431).

செருக்கும் சினமும் சிறுமையும் இல்லார் 

பெருக்கும் பெருமித நீர்த்து. (குறள் - 431).

Serukkum sinamum sirumaiyum yillaar

Perukkam perumidha neer(th)thu. (Thirukkurahl – 431).

If one wants to be a good person, he should possess good character. One of such requirements is to resist from boasting. The one who boasts will not only think high of him, but also look down on others. Great people will follow the good paths which will improve them; they will never compare them with others. The thought of ‘comparison’ itself is wrong. If a line has to be long, there has to be a shorter line adjacent to it. Hence, if a person always thinks that he is great, he will prevent his neighbor’s growth, with the thought that the latter should never become great. 

Those who boast will always talk whatever they know, to improve their stature. They will not think even a little about the validity of their speech. Those who think before speaking will say meaningfully and steadily. There will be no steadiness in an angry talk. While reciting a memorized portion, we will not know whether we say it correctly or not. There will be only speed but not involvement. 

Therefore, those who are at the top position should not use it for wrongful acts. Such persons at high positions should try being great persons. Everyone should adhere to patience, self-restraint and other good behaviors, which are characteristics of great persons.         

May 13.

134. When neither their property nor their honor is touched, the majority of men live content. (Niccolo Machiavelli).

Those who give up (their) life when (their) honor is at stake are like the yak which kills itself at the loss of (even one of) its hairs. (Thirukkurahl – 969).

மயிர்நீப்பின் வாழாக் கவரிமான் அன்னார் 

உயிர்நீப்பர் மானம் வரின். (குறள் - 969).

Mayir-neeppin vaazhaak kavari-ma(an) annaar

 Vuyir-neeppar maanam varin. (Thirukkurahl – 969).

Patience is considered greater than an ocean. It is also said that ‘filled pot will not shake’. If there is a small amount of water in a pot, it will make sound when we shake it. Likewise, the more the good character is present in a person, the greater will be his patience while doing good things. If there is a small hole at the bottom of a vessel having water, seepage will occur. In the same way, if an incident occurs as to damage the dignity of a person, the good character will wane. They would feel dejection and tilt from their steadiness. 

In general, if a threat comes to one’s property or dignity, nobody will tolerate it. Those who want to punish the culprits will be generally more. The good persons who would pardon such miscreants will be only a few. Some persons would feel sad about the damage. One should find out how the dignity was shattered. Even if it is not his fault, others will accuse him due to circumstances. Based on this situation, some may end their life based on the damage to their dignity. One should think before taking such a decision. Further, people also should not damage the property and dignity of others.    

May 14.

135. Where the willingness is great, the difficulties cannot be great. (Niccolo Machiavelli).

Firmness in action is (simply) one’s firmness of mind; all other abilities are not of this nature. (Thirukkurahl – 661).

வினைத்திட்பம் என்பது ஒருவன் மனத்திட்பம் 

மற்றைய எல்லாம் பிற. (குறள் - 661).

Vinaith-thitpam yenbadhu oruvan manath-thitpam;

Martraiya yellaam pirah. (Thirukkurahl – 661).

Whatever work we have to do, we need will power and physical strength. Based on the work, the intensity of the two powers will vary. For the work which requires physical strength, the accomplishment will not be proper if there is no will power. In the absence of will power, they will stare at the work as huge. Such people will find it difficult to succeed. If we take any type of sports, the physic of sports persons will be found in common people. But, those common people have not become sports persons. The reason is that such people never show interest in sports. Their interests in other areas make them successful in their selected fields.

The weight lifters lift huge weights due to their will power. A child resists carrying by someone, if it does not like that person, by exerting all the pressure it could. A dog, a cow or any other animal will not go behind a stranger, and it cannot be dragged either easily. Likewise, it is always good to study the desired subject, and take up a desired work. But, one should not take a decision without knowing the nature of the subject in educational field, and the utility of the work in profession. Hence, one should consult with a knowledgeable person, take a good job and work with enthusiasm; if done like this, the work will not appear to be hard.

Therefore, one should live with good thoughts to enjoy the life.    

  

May 15.

136. God is not willing to do everything, and thus take away our free will and that share of glory which belongs to us. (Niccolo Machiavelli).

Having considered what work a man is equal to, let (the king) employ him in that work. (Thirukkurahl – 518).

வினைக்குஉரிமை நாடிய பின்றை அவனை 

அதற்குஉரியன் ஆகச் செயல். (குறள் - 518).  

Vinaikku-urimai naadiya pindrai avanai

Adharku-uriyan aaga(ch) seyal. (Thirukkurahl – 518).

Normally, we take the responsibility for the work we do. Some people would like to take the good results obtained by other workers. Most of the people would like to obtain good things and take the honor, and work for it in a suitable manner. The pleasure from that work is great. We will not appreciate the success, whatever great it may be, if it is obtained without our effort. Therefore, only labor will yield pleasure and honor. Great persons will offer the honor obtained by them to God. They will thank God for getting such an opportunity.

Great persons will not while away the time without working, by telling that God will do everything. It is by God’s grace that we think of the correct path. We can call it as knowledge. With this, if we add 99 times of hard work, we become great and wise persons. Without the knowledge, if only labor is there, we will be equivalent to the husk of a paddy, without the rice inside. The paddy will be useful to others, and hence valuable, only if there is rice inside. Hence, great persons enlarge their knowledge with hard work, and offer to others. Common people and wise persons will appreciate such great persons.

Therefore, one needs God’s grace as knowledge, and hard work to get an appreciation. One has to think about how to get the knowledge. If we analyze the difficulties that we might encounter while carrying out a project, we will realize that an unknown power helps us to complete the work without any hindrance. That thinking (instinct) gives us the initial knowledge. Then we get the honor based on the hard work. Therefore, we can even think that God gives us knowledge, the attitude to work, and also make us get the honor.      

May 16.

137. The more the marble wastes, the more the statue grows. (Michelangelo).

A king’s work can only be accomplished by a man of wisdom and patient endurance; it is not of a nature to be given to another from mere personal attachment. (Thirukkurahl – 515).

அறிந்துஆற்றிச் செய்கிற்பாற்கு அல்லால் வினைதான் 

சிறந்தானென்று ஏவற்பாற்று அன்று. (குறள் - 515).

Arindh(u)-aartri(ch) seigirppaarkku al-laal vinaidhaan

Sirandhaan-yendru yaevar-ppaartu andru. (Thirukkurahl – 515). 

There is a proverb which means that perfection in art comes by drawing more and more, and the fineness in speech comes by continuous practice. If one wants to become an artist, he should always be drawing. It may be a good practice to draw the same picture several times, and drawing various pictures. Likewise, if we think what and how we talk, we can correct ourselves the mistakes which we make while talking. 

It is not good to talk without substance. For a meaningful speech, we can study well and improve our knowledge. Further, if we associate with great persons, they will tell us good things. We can improve our standard of life according to our education. If we face some difficulties during the studies, we have to eliminate them and continue with our studies to improve our knowledge. Hence, we can improve our capability through education and association with great persons. We have to know how we talk. Those who know the reason for our poor talk will not mistake us. We have to use suitable words. Bad words should never be used. The bad words which are avoided by educated persons should also be avoided by uneducated persons. One should not think that only educated people are good, and uneducated people are mean. Good human nature is to live with good character. Everyone must cultivate such a character. 

Mistakes in words can be set right. Everyone must be aware that no one can use insulting words. If there are tiny bits of stones in the food, we remove them and consume the food. If our dress is torn a little, we rectify it and then wear the same. We treat any injury or illness in our body. In the same way, we have to mend our character also.   

May 17.

138. Youngsters read it, grown men understand it, and old people applaud it. (Miguel de Cervantes).

Firmness in action is (simply) one’s firmness of mind; all other abilities are not of this nature. (Thirukkurahl – 661).

வினைத்திட்பம் என்பது ஒருவன் மனத்திட்பம் 

மற்றைய எல்லாம் பிற. (குறள் - 661). 

Vinaith-thitpam yenbadhu oruvan manath-thitpam;

Martraiya yellaam pirah. (Thirukkurahl – 661).

If one has to discuss a matter, he must know about it in depth. One should get practical experience also to know its kind. Based on the experience, one gets a better knowledge. We all know about a child’s crawling, walking, and running stages, and when it grows well its participation in a running race. Life is also like that. A child first attempt to talk; then it talks, studies well to get a degree and becomes a great scholar over a period of time. In the same way, one will understand the common things while studying at young age. To understand difficult things, one may require many years. Due to difficulty in understanding in the initial stages, if someone stops the studies he would feel sorry at later years. By looking at a tree, one will say for how long the tree will be useful as firewood. Another may look at its value as a building material. Another may view its utility for making sculptures. Hence, as the knowledge grows, one will be able to assess the value of other things.

Therefore, one should study well at young age. Due to that, over a period of time, we can understand well the materials and people surrounding us. Aged people, who cannot work due to their old age, will appreciate others’ good work. Therefore, first one should learn something good, and do it; then one should appreciate others who do the good things properly.  

May 18.

139. Tell me thy company and I will tell thee what thou art. (Miguel de Cervantes).

Though friends may praise one another saying, “he is so intimate with us, and we so much,” still such friendship will appear mean. (Thirukkurahl – 790).

இனையர் இவர்எமக்கு இன்னம்யாம் என்று

புனையினும் புல்லென்னும் நட்பு. (குறள் - 790). 

Yinaiyar yivar-yemakku yinnam-yaam yendru

Punaiyinum pul-yennum natpu. (Thirukkurahl – 790).

It is a great opportunity that we all have friends. Friends will be there during studies, working age and at old age. It will be great if such friendship persists for a long time. Friendship means understanding each other and extending the required help to the other. If people gather to while away the time, it is not good friendship. Even if they work at different places, it is always good for good friends to meet whenever it is possible and talk about good things. If any one among the friends gets involved in dangerous activities, he should be corrected. Instead of attempting to correct such a person, if they spend time for fun, it is not good friendship.

To live with the money obtainable by hurting others is an ignominious life. By this kind of life, one may get external pleasure but not internal satisfaction of the mind. The children will feel ashamed to say that their parents are burglars, and they murder others for earning money. If grown-up children say that they don’t know what jobs their parents do, it means that such parents’ jobs are not good. Therefore, the children, family members, and friends should control the concerned people from following a dangerous route. Among friends, if one talks as to praise the other, it is not true friendship; it is probably done with some expectation.

Therefore, if friends have good character, the individual will definitely be a good person.   

May 19.

140. If a man be gracious and courteous to strangers, it shows he is a citizen of the world, and that his heart is no island cut off from other lands, but a continent that joins to them. (Francis Bacon).

(The king’s) choice should fix him, who is of good family, who is free from faults, and who has the modesty which fears the wounds (of sin). (Thirukkurahl – 502).

குடிப்பிறந்து குற்றத்தின் நீங்கி வடுப்பரியும்

நாணுடையான் கட்டே தெளிவு. (குறள் - 502).

Kudi(p)-pirandhu kurtraththin neenghi vaduppariyum

Naahn-udaiyaan kattae thehlivu. (Thirukkurahl – 502). 

There is a proverb which means that ‘all are our place, and all are our relatives’. The essence is that we should consider all the places as our place; we have to think that all the people are our relatives. A poet told those words to a king, about several centuries ago. Those words are more relevant in the present days. In the earlier days, people could live comfortably with modest requirements within the limits of a kingdom. Now, the situation has changed. Movement of people from one state to another has become a necessity. The developments in education and business areas are the main reasons. Further, the requirements of people have changed and increased. Vehicular facilities, train and air-flight travels, advancement in television and other areas have all contributed very much for the changes. In business, the various states’ requirements and interdependency have also increased.

Hence, if a country has to become a developed one, all the states have to remember the need for interdependency. Now all the countries in the world have to follow the interdependency attitude. No work should be done with selfish motive. Since it is said that one should entertain guests with food, we should not say that all comforts are to be enjoyed only us. When people are hungry outside, we should think that it is not correct on our part to enjoy a feast. 

We have to adhere to such good habits. Help should be rendered in the form of water for thirst, food for hunger, cloth for dignity and so on. These characters make us the people of one nation and one world. 

May 20.

141. Though it be honest, it is never good to bring bad news. (Shakespeare).

Not to permit (the mind) to go where it lists, to keep it from evil, and to employ it in good, this is wisdom. (Thirukkurahl - 422).

சென்ற இடத்தால் செலவிடா தீதுஒரீஇ 

நன்றின்பால் உய்ப்பது அறிவு. (குறள் - 422). 

Sendra yidaththaal selavidaa theedhoree-e

Nandrinpaal vuipppadhu arivu. (Thirukkurahl - 422).

Everyone will agree that our thought will always be wishing good things to happen for us. Likewise, if everyone thinks that good things should happen for all others too, the troubles and difficulties existing in the world will vanish. If that thought arises, people will stop hurting others. Further, the number of people who indulge in causing trouble to others, and who hurt others for the sake of earning money will come down. 

Our thoughts should always be good. We should always talk good things; we should not use bad words. There is a belief that an unknown power above us will always allow it to happen whatever we often say. Belief on this depends on each individual. But, we all know that whatever seed we sow, only the respective plant will grow from it. We will remember only the material which we read about. If we study science, we can become scientist. If we study medicine, we can become a doctor. The child who hears good words will say only good words. The child who hears insipient words will repeat the same. The bad words will always penetrate easily into our mind. Others abusing words on us will remain in our mind, and will make us retaliate with bad actions. Hence, one dangerous act grows from another. 

Therefore, one should avoid bad words and actions. Though some bad news may be true, the listener will not feel happy. Hence, when a news is conveyed, one should tell it without hurting others feelings. If everyone acts with good thoughts, one can avoid bad incidences. Hence, let us think only good things.            

May 1.

122. The scars of others should teach us caution. (St.Jerome, A.D. 400).

To speak so that the meaning may easily enter (the mind of the hearer), and to discern the subtlest thought (which may lie hidden) in the words of others; this is wisdom. (Thirukkurahl – 424).

எண்பொருள வாகச் செலச்சொல்லித் தான்பிறர்வாய்

நுண்பொருள் காண்பது அறிவு. (குறள் - 424).

Yehnporuhla vaagha(ch) sela(ch)cholli(th) than-pirar-vaai

Nuhn-poruhl kaahnbhadhu arivu. (Thirukkurahl – 424).

In all of our minds, there will be a thought to achieve great accomplishments. We want to be happy by getting the praise and respect from that. But, most of us stop with such thoughts. What ever we plan to accomplish, we have to first think about the pathways to perform it, the required efforts, and also the difficulties that may be encountered. If someone discourages us by telling that we are incapable to do that, we should not abandon our aim. When we learn cycling, invariably, all of us learn it by frequent falling and getting injured. On the fear of such things, if someone refuses to learn cycling, everyone will say that it is wrong. In the same manner, there will be difficulties in any work. 

Everyone will make mistakes while writing, when a new language is learnt. If a learned person makes a mistake while writing, one has to find out the reason for that. While learning, if we could not get a great teacher, or if we don’t listen properly, we will not get good education. If the roads or vehicles are not in proper conditions, vehicles like car and bicycle get into accidents. Therefore, we have to choose a good path, and rectify the impediments experienced by others, to progress in life. Just like following successful persons, we have to know other’s difficulties and protect us from such impediments. If some one tells that a particular food will upset our stomach, we should not try it to prove or disprove the point. There are people who lost their eye-sight by looking at the sun during solar eclipse, in spite of warnings that the eyes will be damaged if people do so. 

We have to believe others, when they say that there will be danger from invisible rays, electricity, and some chemical, biological and some other materials. If we start to experiment with everything, the whole life will be affected. Hence, we need other’s experience to get benefits.              

May 2.

123. When the stomach is full, it is easy to talk of fasting. (St.Jerome, A.D. 400).

Amongst living men, there are none so hardhearted as those who, without forsaking desire in their heart, falsely take the appearance of those who have forsaken (it). (Thirukkurahl – 276).

நெஞ்சின் துறவார் துறந்தார்போல் வஞ்சித்து

வாழ்வாரின் வன்காணார் இல். (குறள் - 276). 

Nenjin thuravaar thurandhaar-poal vanjiththu

Vaazhvaarin vankahnaar yill. (Thirukkurahl – 276).

Everyone would have the desire to know about certain things and talk about it. But, most of us do not think of taking suitable steps and getting the required practice to achieve it. There are some people who say that they know everything, even without having any experience. One should consider the reason for the need to know about something to the full extent. 

If one wants to become a doctor, he should study medicine. For becoming an engineer, one must study the suitable engineering course. Like this, we get a proper training according to the requirement for the concerned job. But, nobody gives importance for the speech. Some people may be talking on a topic, even though they do not have any knowledge in that area. Such people will not be able to give suitable reply, if asked to explain certain aspect, or about their experience. They will only reply in a superficial way.  As an example, we can quote the deficiency of the student who reads only a guide book, instead of a text book. Only a person experienced in that area will be able to explain well, whether it is simple, joyous, or sad point. To tell something is easy; but, to involve in a particular thing is difficult. 

Hence, whatever is said, it should be said with involvement.  

May 3.

124. Small minds can never handle great themes. (St.Jerome, A.D. 400).

To choose ignorant men, through partiality, is the height of folly. (Thirukkurahl – 507).

காதன்மை கந்தா அறிவுஅறியார்த் தேறுதல்

பேதமை எல்லாம் தரும். (குறள் - 507). 

Kaadhanmai kandhaa arivu-ariyaar(th) thaerudhal

Paedhamai yellaam tharum. (Thirukkurahl – 507).

We generally tell that everyone should do a suitable work according to their ability. If we carefully look into those words, we can understand many things. Whatever work is done, one should acquire suitable education and experience. If we tell a cycle mechanic to repair a car or a bus, he cannot do it. A small builder cannot construct a huge multi-storey building. Only an expert engineer can give suggestions and practical procedures for the construction of such huge buildings. In the medical field, only a well educated medical doctor can give proper treatment. Like this, one can say many examples. 

Thus, a person’s capability increases according to his education and experience. The performance of a person improves as his knowledge increases. One cannot always know a big work and its intricacies, by just a little experience. This can be viewed as to say that, ‘a mean person cannot do great works’.  One should think why people get mean attitude, mean character and immature thinking. If a person cannot do a particular good work, he envies the one who accomplishes it, instead of following the proper route; this envious thinking hurts him, which leads to mean behavior.

Therefore, we should always try to get good knowledge, and through that, achieve great things.       

May 4.

125. Never look a gift horse in the mouth. (St.Jerome, A.D. 400).

Though the benefit conferred be a small as millet seed, those who know its advantage will consider it as large as a Palmyra tree. (Thirukkurahl – 104).

தினைத்துணை நன்றி செயினும் பனைத்துணையாக் 

கொள்வர் பயந்தெரி வார். (குறள் - 104). 

Thinai(th)thuhnai nandri seyinum panai(th)thuhnaiyaa(k)

Kohlvar payan-theri vaar. (Thirukkurahl – 104). 

We come across different kinds of people in our life. Many don’t have educational opportunities. Many don’t have proper clothing. Some others live without proper housing facilities. Like this, there are people who live with such difficulties and miseries. Some of such people expect other’s help to lead a life without those difficulties. Sometimes, help may be obtained on request. Occasionally, help may be available even without asking. In some schools and colleges, support may be available to poor students based on their academic performances. Some charity organizations offer support by providing books. Some individuals also help poor students in a suitable way, if they are approached. Some people help the poor, who are affected by natural disasters. 

Those who receive help on various reasons feel happy and set right their life. But some people indulge in assessing the help they receive. They hurt the donors. Neither the receiver nor other people should underestimate the help rendered by someone. Such criticism will deprive not only further help to the receiver, but also the help to other needy persons. Hence, even a small help must be respected. This is the seed for a person’s progress in life.            

May 5.

126. Anger is a weed; hate is the tree. (St.Augustine, A.D. 400).

The fire of anger will burn up the pleasant raft of friendship. (Thirukkurahl – 306).

சினம்என்னும் சேர்ந்தாரைக் கொல்லி இனம்என்னும் 

ஏமப் புணையைச் சுடும். (குறள் - 306). 

Sinam-yennum saernthaarai(k) kolli yinum-yennum

Yaema(p) puhnaiya(ch) sudum. (Thirukkurahl – 306).

Our old literatures and good books provide us useful guidelines for our progress in life. In spite of that, many of us don’t lead a good life. One aspect for such a life is the non-adherence of good principles. The other aspect is to involve in dangerous activities, which are condemned. One of such things is to get anger. When one gets angry, he loses his control. Good thoughts vanish. They hurt others by using such words which are not to be uttered. The mind of an angry person scraps his dignity level. Hence, he loses his dignified speech and control of mind. The speech pours out based on the mind, ignoring the good path provided by his knowledge. The anger is like a dangerous plant. It easily grows, and sprawls out like a tree, creating disgust in his mind. If the anger is not controlled by a person, in the nascent state itself, it will spoil his own life completely.

If importance is given to mind, one can get anger as well as peace of mind. If importance is given to knowledge, the anger will not arise. Knowledge will always yield peace. Therefore, one should always avoid getting anger.   

May 6.

127. The dove loves when it quarrels; the wolf hates when it flatters. (St.Augustine, A.D. 400).

One should fear the deceitful who smile sweetly with their face but never love with their heart. (Thirukkurahl – 824).

முகத்தின் இனிய நகாஅ அகத்துஇன்னா

வஞ்சரை அஞ்சப் படும். (குறள் - 824). 

Mugaththin yiniya nagaa-ah aghaththinnaa

Vanjarai anja(p) padum. (Thirukkurahl – 824).

Many of the various objects that we look at will appear to be same. Experienced persons would be able to distinguish some of the materials immediately. Sometimes, experimental techniques have to be used to know the nature of the materials. Likewise, it is easy to understand a few persons. But, it is very difficult to understand most of the people. Those who do good things and tell good advices, sometimes, will express with anger. The reason for that is their anxiety for the people who take to dangerous paths, instead of pursuing good things and following good principles. If a teacher is strict, only a few will understand that it is for the benefit of the students. Those who want to inculcate bad habits will talk pleasingly. 

We should not come to any conclusion based on external appearance. The people know the difference in the character of a dove and a wolf for thousands of years. The character never changes. In the same way, one could think of saying that a particular set of people will be dangerous, while another group will always be good. But, we should not compare the human being and animals. If a man uses his knowledge, he can become different from his bad predecessors. To accomplish this, education is essential. By such education, bad persons can too become good persons. By this education, one can differentiate between bad and good persons, which will help him, follow the good one. 

Hence, if education reaches the bad people, they also can become good people. If some people do not change, great persons should repeatedly try until the change occurs.         

May 7.

128. Three things are necessary for the salvation of man: to know what he ought to believe; to know what he ought to desire; and, to know what he ought to do. (St.Thomas Aquinas).

After having considered, “this man can accomplish this, by these means,” let (the king) leave with him the discharge of that duty. (Thirukkurahl – 517).

இதனை இதனால் இவன்முடிக்கும் என்றுஆய்ந்து

அதனை அவன்கண் விடல். (குறள் - 517). 

Yidhanai yidhanaal yivan-mudikkum yendr(u)aaindhu

Adhanai avan-kahn vidal. (Thirukkurahl – 517).

Belief, thought and action are the three things essential for a person’s good life. In all our minds, the thought of development in our life and leading a good life are present. Those who choose to take the bad route to lead their life do not pursue it with happiness. Nobody is born as a thief or a quarrelsome person. His surroundings change him like that. The rain which falls on a salt mound becomes salty and spoils also the useful salt. The rain in a dam site gets stored as good water, and is useful to all. A cow drinks water but gives milk. A snake produces venom (by drinking water or milk, as per belief). Hence, can the fault be with water? We have to explore how the water is used.

First, everyone must have belief. The confidence must be increasing. One should think on what is to be done and what is to be achieved. At each level, one should think of the next level. At young age, one should aim to study well, and to become a sportsman. As one grows, he should think of the suitable subject of study, and the suitable nature of sports. Then he should find out the required things to achieve his aim. We come across visually handicapped (blind) persons who are great singers and instrumental musicians. Hence, we have to adhere to the aim with confidence, think about the possible methodology and involve in action. There is no limit to progress in life. Even we reach a particular level, we can progress further depending upon our efforts. There is nothing wrong if a person is content with what he had achieved. We have to know when we can get that kind of attitude. Hence, we should always remember: “Aim. Act. Achieve”.                   

May 8.

129. In silence, man can most readily preserve his integrity. (Meister Eckhart). 

He who, throughout one birth, like a tortoise, keeps in his five senses, will obtain happiness throughout the seven births. (Thirukkurahl – 126).

ஒருமையுள் ஆமைபோல் ஐந்தடக்கல் ஆற்றின் 

எழுமையும் ஏமாப்பு உடைத்து. (குறள் - 126).

Orumaiyuhl aamaipoal ayindh(u)-adakkal aartrin

Yezhumaiyum yaemaappu vudaiththu. (Thirukkurahl – 126).

The quotations provide us good principles. The intention of such quotations is to lead a good life by reading and listening to them. Gold is a valuable metal, which will not be easily destroyable. It gives immense pleasure to those who wear the gold ornaments. Those who see such things also get the intention to have them. It is not wrong to think like that. In fact, it is good. But, if it turns envy and induces us to take bad routes to acquire it, the intention becomes wrong. 

Everyone should use the suitable quotations to a possible extent. Though remaining in a quiet composure is considered great, it should not be interpreted as to remain silent at all times. We lose our steadiness during fights, difference of opinions, and anger. At that time, whatever good advices are offered, we lose our level of understanding and following it. We should be patient under such circumstances. If the blood circulation to the brain is less, our brain works in a sluggish manner. As per scientific studies, the blood circulation to the stomach is more after a full meal, which results in less blood flow to the brain, thereby causing drowsiness in us. 

Therefore, we should adhere to calmness during troubles. When we are quiet, our ears will listen to the right messages. Our mind also will listen to our brain. Our brain will also function with full capacity. Our tongue and mouth will talk good things. Therefore, calm atmosphere is essential for the proper functioning of our five instincts.              

May 9.

130. The more wise and powerful a master, the more directly is his work created, and the simpler it is. (Meister Eckhart).

(Though reduced) the great will be able to perform, in the proper way, deeds difficult (for others to do). (Thirukkurahl – 975).

பெருமை உடையவர் ஆற்றுவார் ஆற்றின் 

அருமை உடைய செயல். (குறள் - 975).

Perumai vudaiyavar aartruvaar aartrin

Arumai vudaiya seyal. (Thirukkurahl – 975).

In the minds of every one of us, the thought of development and the eagerness to receive appreciation from others are definitely present. But, to accomplish that thought, we don’t think about it at the proper time and we don’t take the required efforts. At young age, we don’t know what is to be done. At that young age, we should listen to the advices of great persons, and act accordingly. As we grow, we will be able to realize the value of the advices. After reaching a level, we can also become great persons. We can accomplish great things depending upon our level of greatness. 

One can perform a work in a better way, if the experience is more. Only the person who daily practices running will be able to succeed in the running race. Whether it is long-jump, high-jump, cricket, painting, or any other activity, practice will help us to achieve the top place. In the same way, only if one studies well daily, one can go to a higher level in education. It is not enough if one studies only for a few days. The one, who had been starving for many days, takes food often for 2 or 3 days, will get affected instead becoming strong. 

We have to think of becoming great persons. Simplicity must prevail in our thoughts. Simplicity is different from insufficiency. We can understand the world in a better way by being simple. If we understand our surroundings, our accomplishments will be great. Therefore, simplicity is to be maintained.     

May 10.

131. Talk of nothing but business, dispatch that business quickly. (Aldus Manutius).

Consultation ends in forming a resolution (to act); (but) delay in the execution of that resolve is an evil. (Thirukkurahl – 671).

சூழ்ச்சி முடிவு துணிவுஎய்தல் அத்துணிவு 

தாழ்ச்சியுள் தங்குதல் தீது. (குறள் - 671). 

Soozhchi mudivu thuhniveidhal; ath-thuhnivu

Thaazhchiyuhl thanghudhal theedhu. (Thirukkurahl – 671).

We all think that we should do something and enjoy the pleasure obtainable through that action. This thought never comes out of the inner minds of many people. Some people tell that idea but stop with that, without any action. Though some people start the work, they will never complete it. Some will complete the work, but with delay. Only those who complete the work within the stipulated time are successful in life. In the students’ population, the number of students who succeed in their aim is very less. However, they take up some work, based on their educational levels. While working, if they complete their regular work within the specified time, they can also succeed in life to some extent. 

The farmers who work in lands know the proper time to sow the seeds. If the sowing time is delayed, the seeds will not sprout; even if it sprouts, it will perish without yielding flowers and fruits. In the same way, if the nationally important five-year plan is not started immediately at the right time, it will never yield any benefit to the people. Since some projects remain incomplete due to delay, it leads to criticism and ends as wasteful expenditure for the nation. In soccer games, we see how much a team suffers if they lose a point at the critical time. We appreciate the person in a team who is responsible for the win in the game. But, we forget the important underlying principle in it, at the playground itself.

Therefore, there is an apt time for everything. Doing the work within the required time is always great.